Peter J. Marshall

Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience

Temple University

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

I am a developmental scientist interested in how new forms of action, perception, and understanding emerge over development. Much of my work asks how infants come to act in increasingly organized ways, and how changes in behavior relate to changes in the developing brain and body.

My research spans developmental psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and developmental theory. Current work focuses on infant reaching and grasping, the development of neural representations of the body, and new ways of characterizing developmental change from naturalistic behavior. A more recent strand of my work examines children's interactions with emerging technologies, including social robots and AI-generated content.

Across this work, I am interested in what changes when development is treated as part of the explanation rather than simply as something to be measured. My theoretical work has examined what it means to understand the brain as part of an active, developing organism rather than as an isolated system, and how psychological capacities take form through histories of activity and interaction.

I studied Natural Sciences at the University of Cambridge, specializing in zoology, and went on to complete a Ph.D. there with a research focus in developmental psychology. I then joined the Department of Human Development at the University of Maryland as a postdoctoral researcher and later as a Research Assistant Professor, where my work focused on temperament, attachment, early experience, and brain development.

I joined Temple University in Philadelphia in 2004 and am now Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience. From 2016 to 2026, I served as Chair of the Department.

My current research examines the development of infant action and body representation. This work grew out of earlier studies of how infants relate their own actions to the actions of other people, including research on action observation, imitation, and developing neural representations of the body. That work led me back to a more basic question: how infants' own patterns of action become organized in the first place. One major focus now is how reaching and grasping change over the first year of life, including how infants come to shape the hand in anticipatory and organized ways.

This work combines longitudinal observation of naturalistic behavior with EEG measures of developing body representations. We are also using computer vision and other video-based methods to obtain detailed measures of hand movement from infants' everyday activity.

Together, these approaches are aimed at understanding developmental change at a finer grain: not simply when a new ability appears, but how patterns of action and neural organization change over time.

I also collaborate on studies of how children interact with and learn from emerging technologies, including social robots and artificial intelligence.

Alongside my research and writing, I have developed two open resources that bring together ideas I have worked with in teaching, scholarship, and theory. Both are freely available and are intended for students, researchers, and other readers interested in development, mind, and living systems.